Ask HN: Are Prompt Injections "Malware"?

A prompt is not malicious software, it's an input. It's similar to SQL injection (query evaluation from unsanitised input), unless that injection also leads to arbitrary code execution, which could involve actual malware as payload. Of course a malicious prompt could lead the LLM to generate and run said malware for the attacker, or it could act itself as malware.

I personally have a hard time considering it malware, because it's just instructions targeted at an LLM.

If someone put up a sign in a store that said "Burn this store down!" the person who put the sign up is not responsible if someone follows the instructions written on it, are they?

It's more like "social engineering" (targetting LLMs) than malware. A site that influences its (human) users to buy, vote, "invest" in scams and so on is malware?

I can't really see a definition equating the two that realistically accounts for multiple models from different vendors - am I at fault if a particularly poorly implemented harness misinterprets me writing "do not run dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda" as a command to run?

In the case of TCRF, agents were also actively ignoring robots.txt and disregarding the site's instructions for interacting with it appropriately (with the "delete all data" instruction being specifically hidden from the discoverable page) - so I can't really see the case for comparing it to malware that deliberately tricks users into running it

AI does make cybersecurity more difficult, and that also goes for people using coding harnesses, sandbox your projects!

malware is a malicious program , it can be in memory even within another process but essentially its a little program of itself.

prompt injection is more close to an exploit. a sequence of input that leads to unexpected behavior, exploited to perform malicious behavior.

many exploits are hosted on websites. called exploit kits even. i think prompt injection match such classification. its very similar. a piece of data on the site's side exploits a program or interface on client side.

It's not malware. You chose to read their site.

Not sure it can be defined as malware if what it’s doing, if successful, is a net gain for humanity.